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       <title>IX. Financial Inclusion - Asociación de Supervisores Bancarios de las Américas</title>
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           <title>Guidance on Application Core Principles to Financial Inclusion</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/1417-guidance-on-the-application-of-the-core-principles-for-effective-banking-supervision-to-the-regulation-and-supervision-of-institutions-relevant-to-financial-inclusion?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Guidance on Application Core Principles to Financial Inclusion</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">As stated in the foreword to the 2012 Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision (“Core Principles”) of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, “…effective banking supervisory practices are not static. They evolve over time as lessons are learned and banking business continues to develop and expand”. Therefore, this Guidance is intended to help supervisors respond to changes and innovations in the products, services and delivery channels of financial institutions working to reach the approximately 2 billion adults currently unserved or underserved by formal financial institutions. The Guidance may also help supervisors respond to innovations not specifically designed for unserved and underserved customers. </p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">As stated in the foreword to the 2012 Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision (“Core Principles”) of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, “…effective banking supervisory practices are not static. They evolve over time as lessons are learned and banking business continues to develop and expand”. Therefore, this Guidance is intended to help supervisors respond to changes and innovations in the products, services and delivery channels of financial institutions working to reach the approximately 2 billion adults currently unserved or underserved by formal financial institutions. The Guidance may also help supervisors respond to innovations not specifically designed for unserved and underserved customers. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Mon, 02 Jan 2017 12:03:17 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Sound Regulatory and Supervisory Practices for Products, Services and Distribution Channels Contributing to Financial Inclusion</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/545-if21?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Sound Regulatory and Supervisory Practices for Products, Services and Distribution Channels Contributing to Financial Inclusion</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">Thus, this document proposes a minimum regulatory framework and supervisory </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">practices for Products, Services and Distribution Channels (PSC by its Spanish </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">acronym) which contribute to financial inclusion. Specifically, this document intends </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">to become a minimum regulatory and supervisory tool to be considered by </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">regulators and supervisors to foster a level playing field in which financial innovation </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">processes are developed.</span></p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">Thus, this document proposes a minimum regulatory framework and supervisory </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">practices for Products, Services and Distribution Channels (PSC by its Spanish </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">acronym) which contribute to financial inclusion. Specifically, this document intends </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">to become a minimum regulatory and supervisory tool to be considered by </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">regulators and supervisors to foster a level playing field in which financial innovation </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Swift-Regular;">processes are developed.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Wed, 23 Sep 2015 14:30:57 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>By the Numbers Benchmarking Progress Toward Financial Inclusion</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/197-if19?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">By the Numbers Benchmarking Progress Toward Financial Inclusion</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Can the world achieve full financial inclusion by 2020? It is an audacious question, but one well worth considering, especially in light of a recent wave of commitments by public and private actors. </p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Can the world achieve full financial inclusion by 2020? It is an audacious question, but one well worth considering, especially in light of a recent wave of commitments by public and private actors. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2015 14:30:48 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Range of practice in the regulation and supervision of institutions relevant to financial inclusion</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/196-range-of-practice-in-the-regulation-and-supervision-of-institutions-relevant-to-financial-inclusion?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Range of practice in the regulation and supervision of institutions relevant to financial inclusion</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">Over the last decade there has been an engagement by international standard setting bodies on the relevance of financial inclusion objectives relative to banking regulation and supervision. The focus of providers and others interested in financial inclusion has broadened to include the full range of financial products and services that low-income and poor households may use to manage typically uneven income and expenses, as well as to accumulate assets and mitigate economic shocks. Therefore this document reports on the results of a survey intended to understand current regulatory and supervisory practices with respect to deposit-taking institutions and other financial institutions of relevance to financial inclusion.</span></p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">Over the last decade there has been an engagement by international standard setting bodies on the relevance of financial inclusion objectives relative to banking regulation and supervision. The focus of providers and others interested in financial inclusion has broadened to include the full range of financial products and services that low-income and poor households may use to manage typically uneven income and expenses, as well as to accumulate assets and mitigate economic shocks. Therefore this document reports on the results of a survey intended to understand current regulatory and supervisory practices with respect to deposit-taking institutions and other financial institutions of relevance to financial inclusion.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2015 08:29:30 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Enabling Digital Financial Inclusion through Improvements in Competition and Interoperability: What Works and What Doesn’t?</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/198-enabling-digital-financial-inclusion-through-improvements-in-competition-and-interoperability-what-works-and-what-doesn-t?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Enabling Digital Financial Inclusion through Improvements in Competition and Interoperability: What Works and What Doesn’t?</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In this paper we first review the </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">economic features of mobile payment </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">systems in developing countries, and study </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">the cooperation models that can emerge </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">between the different firms potentially </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">involved in a mobile payment transaction.</span></p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In this paper we first review the </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">economic features of mobile payment </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">systems in developing countries, and study </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">the cooperation models that can emerge </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">between the different firms potentially </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">involved in a mobile payment transaction.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Tue, 01 Jul 2014 08:35:10 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Mejores Prácticas de Regulación y Supervisión de Productos, Servicios y Canales de Comercialización que Aportan a la Inclusión Financiera</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/192-mejores-practicas-de-regulacion-y-supervision-de-productos-servicios-y-canales-de-comercializacion-que-aportan-a-la-inclusion-financiera?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Mejores Prácticas de Regulación y Supervisión de Productos, Servicios y Canales de Comercialización que Aportan a la Inclusión Financiera</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">La crisis financiera internacional, ha demostrado que los procesos de innovación financiera que permiten una mayor inclusión deben desarrollarse dentro un marco regulatorio y de supervisión adecuado, con el objetivo de preservar los derechos de los usuarios y reforzar la estabilidad del sistema financiero. Asimismo, las innovaciones tecnológicas, que permiten la provisión de servicios financieros, deben igualmente darse dentro marcos normativos y prácticas de supervisión adecuadas que faciliten su desarrollo, sin vulnerar los principios prudenciales y de integridad financiera. En este sentido, el presente documento busca ofrecer a los supervisores de la región un marco mínimo de regulación y prácticas de supervisión de los productos, servicios y canales de comercialización (PSC), implementados en la región, que aportan a la inclusión financiera. De modo específico, pretende convertirse en una herramienta de regulación y supervisión mínima a considerar para mantener igualdad de condiciones (level playing field) en las que se desarrollen los procesos de innovación financiera.</span></p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">La crisis financiera internacional, ha demostrado que los procesos de innovación financiera que permiten una mayor inclusión deben desarrollarse dentro un marco regulatorio y de supervisión adecuado, con el objetivo de preservar los derechos de los usuarios y reforzar la estabilidad del sistema financiero. Asimismo, las innovaciones tecnológicas, que permiten la provisión de servicios financieros, deben igualmente darse dentro marcos normativos y prácticas de supervisión adecuadas que faciliten su desarrollo, sin vulnerar los principios prudenciales y de integridad financiera. En este sentido, el presente documento busca ofrecer a los supervisores de la región un marco mínimo de regulación y prácticas de supervisión de los productos, servicios y canales de comercialización (PSC), implementados en la región, que aportan a la inclusión financiera. De modo específico, pretende convertirse en una herramienta de regulación y supervisión mínima a considerar para mantener igualdad de condiciones (level playing field) en las que se desarrollen los procesos de innovación financiera.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Wed, 01 May 2013 07:56:51 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>ASBA Protección al Consumidor</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/consumer-protection-and-market-conduct/204-mejores-practicas-y-recomendaciones-para-la-proteccion-del-consumidor-financiero?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">ASBA Protección al Consumidor</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">Este reporte promueve los beneficios de contar con un sólido régimen de protección al consumidor financiero y un cliente financiero satisfecho, por medio de un análisis de los factores críticos para la protección del usuario financiero. Este estudio revisa los principios de protección y las legislaciones vigentes en los países miembros de ASBA, con el propósito de destacar las acciones prácticas de países que han implementado regímenes de protección. El lector encontrará recomendaciones sobre regulación, supervisión y arreglos institucionales. Esta propuesta atiende a mejores prácticas que se abordan en las distintas etapas de lo que se ha denominado la "cadena de valor para la protección del cliente financiero", planteando medidas concretas que pueden generar cambios sustanciales en la relación cliente-institución.</span></p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">Este reporte promueve los beneficios de contar con un sólido régimen de protección al consumidor financiero y un cliente financiero satisfecho, por medio de un análisis de los factores críticos para la protección del usuario financiero. Este estudio revisa los principios de protección y las legislaciones vigentes en los países miembros de ASBA, con el propósito de destacar las acciones prácticas de países que han implementado regímenes de protección. El lector encontrará recomendaciones sobre regulación, supervisión y arreglos institucionales. Esta propuesta atiende a mejores prácticas que se abordan en las distintas etapas de lo que se ha denominado la "cadena de valor para la protección del cliente financiero", planteando medidas concretas que pueden generar cambios sustanciales en la relación cliente-institución.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX.2 Consumer protection and market conduct</category>
           <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 2012 02:50:30 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>How to Contribute to Financial Inclusion? Inventory of Products and Services Available in the Region</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/195-how-to-contribute-to-financial-inclusion?format=html</link>
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           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">This paper seeks to identify and characterize financial products and services, as well as distribution channels offered in Latin America and the Caribbean that support the inclusion of underserved segments of the population into the regulated financial sector. The paper identifies obstacles in achieving higher levels of financial policies, as well as policies that may promote financial inclusion. Based on this analysis, the document introduces a series of credit technologies and products, savings products and payment services, as well as distribution channels that support financial inclusion. For each of the identified product, service and channel, the authors develop risk matrices, which characterize the probability of related financial risks materializing, along with level of impact financial institutions should consider when offering these products and services.</span></p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">This paper seeks to identify and characterize financial products and services, as well as distribution channels offered in Latin America and the Caribbean that support the inclusion of underserved segments of the population into the regulated financial sector. The paper identifies obstacles in achieving higher levels of financial policies, as well as policies that may promote financial inclusion. Based on this analysis, the document introduces a series of credit technologies and products, savings products and payment services, as well as distribution channels that support financial inclusion. For each of the identified product, service and channel, the authors develop risk matrices, which characterize the probability of related financial risks materializing, along with level of impact financial institutions should consider when offering these products and services.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jul 2012 08:28:11 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Best Practices and Recommendations on Financial Consumer Protection</title>
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           <media:title type="plain">Best Practices and Recommendations on Financial Consumer Protection</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">In the last fifteen years, financial systems in the Americas have experienced substantial regulatory and institutional changes as a result of periods of crisis. These changes reflect financial sector authorities and regulators´ search for sustained economic growth in the region, under stable financial conditions and having removed barriers for the adequate provision of financial services. In this regard, the provision of financial services has become a priority in various countries in the region, a fact highlighted by a growing number of jurisdictions introducing reforms and commitments to improve the access and use of financial services for a wider population.</span></p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/194-best-practices-and-recommendations-on-financial-consumer-protection/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/194-best-practices-and-recommendations-on-financial-consumer-protection?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">In the last fifteen years, financial systems in the Americas have experienced substantial regulatory and institutional changes as a result of periods of crisis. These changes reflect financial sector authorities and regulators´ search for sustained economic growth in the region, under stable financial conditions and having removed barriers for the adequate provision of financial services. In this regard, the provision of financial services has become a priority in various countries in the region, a fact highlighted by a growing number of jurisdictions introducing reforms and commitments to improve the access and use of financial services for a wider population.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Tue, 01 May 2012 02:01:22 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Cómo aportar a la inclusión financiera. Inventario de productos y servicios disponibles en la región</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/193-if15-3?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/193-if15-3/file" length="7627822" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
                url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/193-if15-3/file"
                fileSize="7627822"
                type="application/pdf"
                medium="document"
           />
           <media:title type="plain">Cómo aportar a la inclusión financiera. Inventario de productos y servicios disponibles en la región</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">El presente documento procura identificar y caracterizar los productos y servicios financieros ofrecidos en América Latina y el Caribe proclives a lograr la inclusión de segmentos desatendidos de la población al sector financiero regulado. Un elemento central del estudio fue definir la inclusión financiera a partir de una clara diferenciación entre acceso y uso de servicios y productos financieros. Mientras el acceso se refiere solo a la cobertura geográfica y demográfica, el uso hace hincapié en la posibilidad de la utilización concreta de los servicios y productos financieros según las necesidades específicas que tiene la población que se pretende incluir. Así, para que los servicios y productos financieros sean inclusivos, no sólo deben ser accesibles, sino que también deben permitir su utilización. </p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/193-if15-3/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/193-if15-3?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">El presente documento procura identificar y caracterizar los productos y servicios financieros ofrecidos en América Latina y el Caribe proclives a lograr la inclusión de segmentos desatendidos de la población al sector financiero regulado. Un elemento central del estudio fue definir la inclusión financiera a partir de una clara diferenciación entre acceso y uso de servicios y productos financieros. Mientras el acceso se refiere solo a la cobertura geográfica y demográfica, el uso hace hincapié en la posibilidad de la utilización concreta de los servicios y productos financieros según las necesidades específicas que tiene la población que se pretende incluir. Así, para que los servicios y productos financieros sean inclusivos, no sólo deben ser accesibles, sino que también deben permitir su utilización. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Mon, 30 Apr 2012 13:58:41 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>The Mobile Financial Services Development Report 2011</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/190-if12-1?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/190-if12-1/file" length="3353351" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
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                fileSize="3353351"
                type="application/pdf"
                medium="document"
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           <media:title type="plain">The Mobile Financial Services Development Report 2011</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">The use of mobile telephones to deliver basic financial services to the financially excluded poor represents an unprecedented opportunity. With mobile phones now in the hands of billions including those at even the lowest income levels, the world is poised to bring unprecedented numbers into the formal economy. The mobile phone’s ability to serve as a universal banking platform can provide stability in the lives of those with very limited means while unlocking new efficiencies in underserved segments of developing economies. Notable progress has been made in the pursuit of this opportunity as public and private stakeholders have collaborated to create innovative and commercially viable business models. Today, mobile phones are already used by many to make payments, send money to family members and store monetary value safely—often in regions of the world that are least served by financial services providers. However, for mobile financial services to achieve their true potential for financial inclusion, they must become available on a much larger scale and include a wider portfolio of services—most notably the facilitation of savings. </p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/190-if12-1/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/190-if12-1?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">The use of mobile telephones to deliver basic financial services to the financially excluded poor represents an unprecedented opportunity. With mobile phones now in the hands of billions including those at even the lowest income levels, the world is poised to bring unprecedented numbers into the formal economy. The mobile phone’s ability to serve as a universal banking platform can provide stability in the lives of those with very limited means while unlocking new efficiencies in underserved segments of developing economies. Notable progress has been made in the pursuit of this opportunity as public and private stakeholders have collaborated to create innovative and commercially viable business models. Today, mobile phones are already used by many to make payments, send money to family members and store monetary value safely—often in regions of the world that are least served by financial services providers. However, for mobile financial services to achieve their true potential for financial inclusion, they must become available on a much larger scale and include a wider portfolio of services—most notably the facilitation of savings. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov 2011 17:42:52 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Microscopio global sobre el entorno de negocios para las microfinanzas 2011</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/240-microscopio-global-sobre-el-entorno-de-negocios-para-las-microfinanzas-2011?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/240-microscopio-global-sobre-el-entorno-de-negocios-para-las-microfinanzas-2011/file" length="1150611" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
                url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/240-microscopio-global-sobre-el-entorno-de-negocios-para-las-microfinanzas-2011/file"
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                type="application/pdf"
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           <media:title type="plain">Microscopio global sobre el entorno de negocios para las microfinanzas 2011</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">En este informe se presentan los hallazgos del Economist Intelligence Unit tras analizar en profundidad el entorno de negocios para las microfinanzas en 55 países. El índice en el que se basa el informe permite comparar países y regiones en dos categorías: Marco Regulatorio y Práctica, en la que se examina las condiciones regulatorias y de ingreso a mercados, y Marco Institucional, en la que se evalúan las prácticas de negocios y de interacción con los clientes.</p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/240-microscopio-global-sobre-el-entorno-de-negocios-para-las-microfinanzas-2011/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/240-microscopio-global-sobre-el-entorno-de-negocios-para-las-microfinanzas-2011?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">En este informe se presentan los hallazgos del Economist Intelligence Unit tras analizar en profundidad el entorno de negocios para las microfinanzas en 55 países. El índice en el que se basa el informe permite comparar países y regiones en dos categorías: Marco Regulatorio y Práctica, en la que se examina las condiciones regulatorias y de ingreso a mercados, y Marco Institucional, en la que se evalúan las prácticas de negocios y de interacción con los clientes.</p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX.3 Microfinance</category>
           <pubDate>Sat, 01 Oct 2011 10:37:42 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Tendencias 2005-2010 del mercado microfinanciero en América Latina y el Caribe</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/239-tendencias-2005-2010-del-mercado-microfinanciero-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/239-tendencias-2005-2010-del-mercado-microfinanciero-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe/file" length="2362291" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
                url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/239-tendencias-2005-2010-del-mercado-microfinanciero-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe/file"
                fileSize="2362291"
                type="application/pdf"
                medium="document"
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           <media:title type="plain">Tendencias 2005-2010 del mercado microfinanciero en América Latina y el Caribe</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">El objetivo del informe es brindar una actualización temprana del desempeño de las Instituciones Microfinancieras (IMF) del mercado regional, subregional y en algunos países seleccionados, al cierre del año financiero 2010 en términos de alcance, tipo de créditos, estructura financiera, y riesgo y rentabilidad.</p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/239-tendencias-2005-2010-del-mercado-microfinanciero-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/239-tendencias-2005-2010-del-mercado-microfinanciero-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">El objetivo del informe es brindar una actualización temprana del desempeño de las Instituciones Microfinancieras (IMF) del mercado regional, subregional y en algunos países seleccionados, al cierre del año financiero 2010 en términos de alcance, tipo de créditos, estructura financiera, y riesgo y rentabilidad.</p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX.3 Microfinance</category>
           <pubDate>Sun, 01 May 2011 10:34:10 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Servicios financieros para el desarrollo: promoviendo el acceso en América Latina Serie: Reporte de Economía y Desarrollo</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/191-if13-1?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/191-if13-1/file" length="2620001" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
                url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/191-if13-1/file"
                fileSize="2620001"
                type="application/pdf"
                medium="document"
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           <media:title type="plain">Servicios financieros para el desarrollo: promoviendo el acceso en América Latina Serie: Reporte de Economía y Desarrollo</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">El acceso a los servicios financieros constituye un factor decisivo para impulsar el desarrollo económico y el bienestar de la sociedad. Por un lado, estos servicios acercan a las familias instrumentos de ahorro y crédito que les permiten acomodar mejor sus necesidades de gastos, tales como bienes durables, compra de inmuebles, educación de sus hijos o sostenimiento en la vejez, con el patrón temporal de percepción de ingresos. En lo que se refiere a las firmas, el acceso al crédito resulta fundamental para financiar el capital de trabajo y la inversión. Por otra parte, los hogares y las empresas requieren productos de aseguramiento para afrontar a un costo razonable eventos imprevistos. Adicionalmente, el acceso a tecnologías de pagos mediante tarjetas de crédito y débito, cuentas corrientes, transferencias electrónicas, entre otros mecanismos, es muy importante para facilitar las transacciones, ya que reduce el tiempo y mejora la seguridad con que estas se realizan. </p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/191-if13-1/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/191-if13-1?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">El acceso a los servicios financieros constituye un factor decisivo para impulsar el desarrollo económico y el bienestar de la sociedad. Por un lado, estos servicios acercan a las familias instrumentos de ahorro y crédito que les permiten acomodar mejor sus necesidades de gastos, tales como bienes durables, compra de inmuebles, educación de sus hijos o sostenimiento en la vejez, con el patrón temporal de percepción de ingresos. En lo que se refiere a las firmas, el acceso al crédito resulta fundamental para financiar el capital de trabajo y la inversión. Por otra parte, los hogares y las empresas requieren productos de aseguramiento para afrontar a un costo razonable eventos imprevistos. Adicionalmente, el acceso a tecnologías de pagos mediante tarjetas de crédito y débito, cuentas corrientes, transferencias electrónicas, entre otros mecanismos, es muy importante para facilitar las transacciones, ya que reduce el tiempo y mejora la seguridad con que estas se realizan. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Fri, 01 Apr 2011 01:44:47 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Guía para la adopción de principios de buen gobierno en instituciones Microfinancieras</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/238-guia-para-la-adopcion-de-principios-de-buen-gobierno-en-instituciones-microfinancieras?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/238-guia-para-la-adopcion-de-principios-de-buen-gobierno-en-instituciones-microfinancieras/file" length="327150" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
                url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/238-guia-para-la-adopcion-de-principios-de-buen-gobierno-en-instituciones-microfinancieras/file"
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                medium="document"
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           <media:title type="plain">Guía para la adopción de principios de buen gobierno en instituciones Microfinancieras</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">El objetivo del presente documento es dar a conocer los principios que rigen el buen gobierno </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">corporativo y la aplicación práctica que éstos tienen en el sector de las microfinanzas. </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">El documento está dirigido a miembros de los órganos de gobierno de instituciones de </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">microfinanzas (IMF) interesados en mejorar las prácticas de gobierno corporativo en sus instituciones.</span></p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/238-guia-para-la-adopcion-de-principios-de-buen-gobierno-en-instituciones-microfinancieras/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/238-guia-para-la-adopcion-de-principios-de-buen-gobierno-en-instituciones-microfinancieras?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">El objetivo del presente documento es dar a conocer los principios que rigen el buen gobierno </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">corporativo y la aplicación práctica que éstos tienen en el sector de las microfinanzas. </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">El documento está dirigido a miembros de los órganos de gobierno de instituciones de </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px; text-align: start;">microfinanzas (IMF) interesados en mejorar las prácticas de gobierno corporativo en sus instituciones.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX.3 Microfinance</category>
           <pubDate>Tue, 01 Mar 2011 10:30:27 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Código Universal de Gobierno Corporativo para Instituciones Microfinancieras</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/237-codigo-universal-de-gobierno-corporativo-para-instituciones-microfinancieras-1?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/237-codigo-universal-de-gobierno-corporativo-para-instituciones-microfinancieras-1/file" length="164230" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
                url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/237-codigo-universal-de-gobierno-corporativo-para-instituciones-microfinancieras-1/file"
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           <media:title type="plain">Código Universal de Gobierno Corporativo para Instituciones Microfinancieras</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;">La Fundación Microfinanzas BBVA contribuye con su actividad al desarrollo económico y social sostenible de las personas más desfavorecidas de la sociedad, a través de las microfinanzas productivas. Asimismo, la Fundación trabaja para impulsar el desarrollo del sector microfinanciero, con el fin de que los productos y servicios financieros puedan llegar a más personas y en mejores condiciones. Con este objetivo, la Fundación tiene en marcha varias líneas de trabajo, entre las que destaca el fortalecimiento del gobierno corporativo en el sector microfinanciero.</span></p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/237-codigo-universal-de-gobierno-corporativo-para-instituciones-microfinancieras-1/file" />
                      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/microfinance/237-codigo-universal-de-gobierno-corporativo-para-instituciones-microfinancieras-1?format=html</guid>
           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;">La Fundación Microfinanzas BBVA contribuye con su actividad al desarrollo económico y social sostenible de las personas más desfavorecidas de la sociedad, a través de las microfinanzas productivas. Asimismo, la Fundación trabaja para impulsar el desarrollo del sector microfinanciero, con el fin de que los productos y servicios financieros puedan llegar a más personas y en mejores condiciones. Con este objetivo, la Fundación tiene en marcha varias líneas de trabajo, entre las que destaca el fortalecimiento del gobierno corporativo en el sector microfinanciero.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX.3 Microfinance</category>
           <pubDate>Tue, 01 Mar 2011 10:26:30 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Good Practices for Financial Consumer Protection</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/189-if11-1?format=html</link>
           <enclosure url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/189-if11-1/file" length="1683755" type="application/pdf" />
           <media:content
                url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/189-if11-1/file"
                fileSize="1683755"
                type="application/pdf"
                medium="document"
           />
           <media:title type="plain">Good Practices for Financial Consumer Protection</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Good Practices for Financial Consumer Protection was prepared by a team led by Susan Rutledge, Senior Private Sector Development Specialist and Coordinator of the World Bank’s Global Program on Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy. The initial core project team consisted of Nagavalli Annamalai (Lead Counsel), Rodney Lester (former Senior Advisor) and Richard L. Symonds (former Senior Counsel). They were joined by Eric Haythorne (former Lead Counsel) and Juan Carlos Izaguirre Araujo (Consultant) both from the World Bank. Also joining the team was Nicola Jentzsch, Associated Senior Research Fellow, Technische Universität Berlin. Valuable contributions were also made by Milton Cartwright, Manager Pensions and Investment Policy of United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority and David Stallibrass of the Office of Fair Trading of the United Kingdom. Special thanks also go to Shaun Mundy, former Head of Financial Capability Department, United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority, Rosamund Grady, Adjunct Professor at the Sydney University Law School, John Pyne of the Irish Financial Services Regulatory Authority (Financial Regulator), and Patrick McAllister, Director of Housing Finance in Asia/Pacific at Habitat for Humanity International. </p>]]></media:description>
                      <media:thumbnail url="https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/189-if11-1/file" />
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Good Practices for Financial Consumer Protection was prepared by a team led by Susan Rutledge, Senior Private Sector Development Specialist and Coordinator of the World Bank’s Global Program on Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy. The initial core project team consisted of Nagavalli Annamalai (Lead Counsel), Rodney Lester (former Senior Advisor) and Richard L. Symonds (former Senior Counsel). They were joined by Eric Haythorne (former Lead Counsel) and Juan Carlos Izaguirre Araujo (Consultant) both from the World Bank. Also joining the team was Nicola Jentzsch, Associated Senior Research Fellow, Technische Universität Berlin. Valuable contributions were also made by Milton Cartwright, Manager Pensions and Investment Policy of United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority and David Stallibrass of the Office of Fair Trading of the United Kingdom. Special thanks also go to Shaun Mundy, former Head of Financial Capability Department, United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority, Rosamund Grady, Adjunct Professor at the Sydney University Law School, John Pyne of the Irish Financial Services Regulatory Authority (Financial Regulator), and Patrick McAllister, Director of Housing Finance in Asia/Pacific at Habitat for Humanity International. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Mon, 28 Feb 2011 17:40:55 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Consumer Protection Laws</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/consumer-protection-and-market-conduct/203-consumer-protection-laws-and-regulations-in-deposit-and-loan-services?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Consumer Protection Laws</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">Consumer protection and financial literacy can contribute to improved efficiency, transparency, competition, and access in retail financial markets by reducing information asymmetries and power imbalances between providers and users of financial services. Financial consumer protection has gained significance in policy debates, especially since the onset of the financial crisis in 2008. This paper presents the results of a survey on consumer protection regulations in 142 countries.</span></p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; line-height: 20px;">Consumer protection and financial literacy can contribute to improved efficiency, transparency, competition, and access in retail financial markets by reducing information asymmetries and power imbalances between providers and users of financial services. Financial consumer protection has gained significance in policy debates, especially since the onset of the financial crisis in 2008. This paper presents the results of a survey on consumer protection regulations in 142 countries.</span></p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX.2 Consumer protection and market conduct</category>
           <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2011 08:47:40 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
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           <title>Protecting Mobile Money against Financial Crimes</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/187-if09?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Protecting Mobile Money against Financial Crimes</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Two and a half billion people in the world live on less than $2 a day, and 90 percent have no access to savings accounts and other financial services. As a consequence, they tend to resort to risky, expensive, and inefficient ways to conclude financial transactions. Formal financial inclusion has a strong positive impact on development. Research suggests that poor households with access to formal financial services are more likely to invest in education, increase productivity and income, and reduce vulnerability to illness and other unexpected events. </p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Two and a half billion people in the world live on less than $2 a day, and 90 percent have no access to savings accounts and other financial services. As a consequence, they tend to resort to risky, expensive, and inefficient ways to conclude financial transactions. Formal financial inclusion has a strong positive impact on development. Research suggests that poor households with access to formal financial services are more likely to invest in education, increase productivity and income, and reduce vulnerability to illness and other unexpected events. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2011 01:47:59 +0000</pubDate>
       </item>
              <item>
           <title>Access to Financial Services and the Financial Inclusion Agenda around the World</title>
           <link>https://asbaweb.net/en/bibl/financial-inclusion/186-if08-1?format=html</link>
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           <media:title type="plain">Access to Financial Services and the Financial Inclusion Agenda around the World</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Recent empirical evidence highlights that access to basic financial services can make a substantial positive difference in improving poor people’s lives. Accordingly, financial sector reforms that promote financial inclusion are increasingly at the core of policymakers’ agendas. The Consultative Group to Assist the Poor and the World Bank Group, in response, launched the Financial Access project, including a cross-country database on financial inclusion topics and an annual report to inform the policy debate. Using this database, this paper (i) counts the number of unbanked adults around the world at 56 percent, (ii) analyzes the state of access to deposit and loan services as well as the extent of retail networks, and (iii) discusses the state of financial inclusion mandates around the world. </p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Recent empirical evidence highlights that access to basic financial services can make a substantial positive difference in improving poor people’s lives. Accordingly, financial sector reforms that promote financial inclusion are increasingly at the core of policymakers’ agendas. The Consultative Group to Assist the Poor and the World Bank Group, in response, launched the Financial Access project, including a cross-country database on financial inclusion topics and an annual report to inform the policy debate. Using this database, this paper (i) counts the number of unbanked adults around the world at 56 percent, (ii) analyzes the state of access to deposit and loan services as well as the extent of retail networks, and (iii) discusses the state of financial inclusion mandates around the world. </p>]]></description>
           <author> (Anonymous)</author>
           <category>IX. Financial Inclusion</category>
           <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2011 01:47:00 +0000</pubDate>
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